ikservices

The use of sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT-2) inhibitors can reduce the progression of chornic kidney disease in diabetics and non-diabetics

Obstructive uropathy is one of the important causes of acute renal failure. This can be caused by an enlarged prostate gland, kidney stones, or strictures of the urinary tract.

Citrate binds to calcium in the urine, keeping it away from from crystals that can become kidney stones. Patients with low citrate levels in the urine have increased risk of calcium kidney stone formation.

Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus characterized by persistently high blood sugar levels is closely related to rapidly worsening renal function and dialysis initiation.

... low. A cup of black tea, has 27 mg of oxalate. This is considered elevated

... hyperuricemia in the genesis and worsening of chronic kidney disease

... proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy and proteinuria

... condition related to the metabolic abnormalities related to a decreased renal function

... by the urine in order to understand the cause of hyponatremia.

... in order to establish a difference from pure glomerular proteinuria

... (PD). HD is achieved by exposing the blood to a dialysate solution in a filter. The clearance of waste products occurs by diffusion. In PD the diffusion is achieved using the peritoneal membrane

... single functional kidney it may lead to renal failure. Prompt treatment with ureteral stents or nephrostomy tubes, in addition to the correction of the obstructive process may be necessary.

... dialysis and hemofiltration. These categories can subdivide themselves into different subcategories and modalities.

... relatively early in life (forties or fifties)

... the cortex and outer medulla of the kidney. Anemia of chronic kidney disease is caused by a decline in the number and activity of these cells.

... #infections, long term use/side effect of certain medications, heavy metal toxicity, chronic hypercalcemia, chronic hyperuricemia, #oxalate nephropathy, radiation therapy and #aristolochic acid

... and changes in behavior, impaired concentration, changes in the visual-spatial perception, #falls and bone #fractures.

... hemisphere or south of the 30th parallel in the southern hemisphere, you most likely require vitamin D supplementation, even if you spend a significant mount of time outdoors

... common type of kidney stone.