This is late Victorian Kutani porcelain, which ended up in the Royal Collection:
Kutani porcelain originates in the Meiriki era in the 17th century - kutani means "nine valleys" and clay was discovered there suitable for making pottery. They are characterised by gold and red in the design (the gold from gold-leaf applied to the glazing.
This particular jar was made by the Watano family who exported their porcelain to Europe in the 19th century.